The effect of educational efficiency on regional development in Mexico
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Abstract
The Mexican education system faces challenges due to social and regional gaps, including a lack of teaching staff, pedagogical materials, updated study programs, insufficient infrastructure, and services, lower government expenditure on education, and academic staff with poor training programs. Furthermore, access to education is low for vulnerable groups, especially in rural areas. Therefore, the evaluation of this system has gained importance. Through this study, the efficiency evaluation of Mexican education and its relationship with regional, economic, and social development is analyzed through a two-stage Network Data Envelopment Analysis (NDEA) model. Stage 1 calculates the efficiency of the educational process at three academic levels: Primary school, Junior high school, and High school, while Stage 2 evaluates the relationship between education and regional, economic, and social development. As the analysis includes information from all 32 Mexican states over five academic years from 2000 to 2020, the Malmquist productivity index was used to examine productivity changes at both stages. The results revealed that better educational quality is associated with higher regional, economic, and social development, but this development is not reflected in higher efficiency in the development stage.
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