Ikumen, the recent discourses about active fatherhood in Japan

Article Sidebar

PDF (Español (España)) Visor (Español (España)) HTML (Español (España)) EPUB (Español (España))
Published: Sep 10, 2021
Updated: 2021-09-10
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20983/noesis.2016.21.1
Keywords:
Fatherhood masculinity Japan hegemonic discourses public policies

Main Article Content

Yunuen Ysela Mandujano-Salazar
Universidad de Guadalajara
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4794-6584

Abstract

This article discusses the phenomenon of the ikumen – fathers who participate actively in childrearing – in contemporary Japan. Considering the discursive, economic and demographic contexts in which it appeared and focusing the attention on men, the paper debates the hegemonic gender role models, the changes in the way young generations play them and how media represents them. In this way, it is intended to make visible the social pressures put on Japanese men that are or want to be fathers and who aim to be more than providers in their children’s lives.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

How to Cite
Mandujano-Salazar, Y. Y. (2021). Ikumen, the recent discourses about active fatherhood in Japan. Noesis. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 25(50-1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.20983/noesis.2016.21.1
Issue
Vol. 25 No. 50-1 (2016)
Section
Social Sciences
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Author Biography

Yunuen Ysela Mandujano-Salazar, Universidad de Guadalajara

Doctora en Ciencias Sociales. Especialista en estudios japoneses y de medios con enfoque de género. 

Posdoctorante adscrita al Departamento de Estudios del Pacífico del Centro Universitario de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades de la Universidad de Guadalajara

Miembro del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores

References

AERA. 2008. AERA 2008 nen 11 gatsu 17 nichi hatsubaigo [AERA Número del 17 de noviembre de 2008]. http://www.fujisan.co.jp/product/25/b/214288/ (27 de enero de 2016).

Befu, Harumi. 2001. Hegemony of Homogeneity. An Anthropological Analysis of Nihonjinron. Melbourne: Trans Pacific Press.

Benesse Institute for Child Sciences and Parenting. 2011. Wishing to be ikumen: The Ideal and Reality of Young Japanese Fathers. http://www.childresearch.net/data/ec/2011_01.html (20 de enero de 2016).

Buckley, Sandra. 1993. Altered states: the body politics of being-woman. En Postwar Japan as history, compilado por Andrew Gordon. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 25-37.

CNN Money. 2016. Japanese MP stirs debate over paternity leave. CNN Money, 28 de enero. http://money.cnn.com/video/news/2016/01/28/japan-paternity-leave.cnnmoney/index.html (29 de enero de 2016).

Doi, Takeo. 1981. The Anatomy of Dependence. Tokio: Kodansha International.

Doi, Takeo. 1988. The Anatomy of Self. The individual versus society. Tokio: Kodansha International.

Frejka, Tomas, Gavin W. Jones y Jean-Paul Sardon. 2010. East Asian Childbearing Patterns and Policy Developments. Population and Development Review, 36(3): 579-606. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2010.00347.x

Fukuda, Setsuya. 2013. The Changing Role of Women's Earnings in marriage Formation in Japan. The Annals of the American Academy, 646(1): 107-128. DOI:10.1177/0002716212464472

Geertz, Clifford. 1988. Works and Lives: The Anthropologist as Author. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Gender Equality Bureau. 2015. Women and Men in Japan 2015. Tokio: Gender Equality Bureau, Cabinet Office, Government of Japan.

Higgins, Marilyn. 2011. Childrearing in Japan from a Historical perspective. Yamaguchiken Ritsudaigaku Gakujutsu Joho, 4(17): 49-57.

Holloway, Susan y Ayumi Nagase. 2014. Child Rearing in Japan. En: Parenting across Cultures: Childrearing, Motherhood and Fatherhood in Non-Western Cultures, compilado por Helaine Selin. Nueva York, Londres, 59-76.

Iida, Yumiko. 2002. Rethinking identity in Modern Japan: Nationalism as aesthetics. Londres: Routledge.

Iida, Yumiko. 2004. Beyond the ‘Feminisation’ of Culture and Masculinity: The Crisis of Masculinity and Possibilities of the ‘Feminine’ in Contemporary Japanese Youth Culture. http://www.culturalstudies.ca/ (5 de noviembre de 2009).

Ikumen Club. 2007a. Ikumen Club 3 kajo. [Los 3 artículos del Club Ikumen]. http://www.ikumenclub.com/3kajyou/ (21 de enero de 2016).

Ikumen Club. 2007b. Ikumen Club ni tsuite [Acerca del Club Ikumen]. http://www.ikumenclub.com/about/ (21 de enero de 2016).

Ikumen Project. 2010. Ikumen Project ni tsuite [Acerca del Proyecto Ikumen]. http://ikumen-project.jp/index.html (20 de enero de 2016).

Ishida, Hiroshi. 2013. The Transition to Adulthood among Japanese Youths: Understanding Courtship in Japan. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 646(106): 86-106. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716212465589

Jones, Gavin W. 2007. Delayed Marriage and Very Low Fertility in Pacific Aia. Population and Development Review, 33(3): 453-478. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1728-4457.2007.00180.x

Kaa, Dirk J. van de. 2003. The Idea of a Second Demographic Transition in Industrialized Countries. Journal of Population and Social Security, 1(1): Artículo 3. http://www.ipss.go.jp/webj-ad/WebJournal.files/Population/2003_4/Kaa.pdf (16 de enero de 2016)

Kaneko, Ryuichi, Tsukasa Sasai, Saori Kamano, Miho Iwasawa, Fusami Mita y Rie Moriizumi. 2008. Attitudes toward Marriage and the Family among Japanese Singles. The Japanese Journal of Population, 6(1): 51-75.

Kitamura, Yuko. 2008. Gender equality dilemma in Japanese society: How traditional ideas affect both women and men. Bunkyo Daigaku Kokusai Gakubu Kiyo, 19(1): 65-78.

Kittaka, Louise George. 2016. Mothers want a word with the LDP’s old guard over paternity leave slap-down. http://www.japantimes.co.jp/community/2016/01/13/issues/mothers-want-word-ldps-old-guard-paternity-leave-slap/ (14 de enero de 2016).

Lebra, Takie. 2004. The Japanese self in cultural logic. Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press.

Lebra, Takie. 2007. Identity, gender, and status in Japan. Folkstone: Global Oriental.

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology-Japan. 1975. Educational Standards in Japan 1975. http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/hakusho/html/hpae197501/index.html

(25 de enero de 2016).

Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. 2010a. Introduction to the revised Child Care and Family Care Leave Law. http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/policy/affairs/dl/05.pdf (21 de enero de 2016).

Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. 2010b. Promotion to support the balance between work and family. http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/policy/children/work-family/dl/psbbwfl.pdf (20 de enero de 2016).

Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. 2012. Todōfukenbetsu Ikumen ni kansuru shihyō [Indicadores relacionados a los Ikumen por region]. http://ikumen-project.jp/pdf/ikumen_list.pdf (27 de enero de 2016).

Miyazaki, Kensuke. 2015. Dansei no koikusanka ni mukete [Viendo hacia la participación como hombre que cría a sus hijos]. http://ameblo.jp/miyazaki-kensuke/day-20151223.html (29 de enero de 2016).

Miyazaki, Kensuke. 2016. Tatakaubeki wa shōshikanandesuka [Debemos luchar contra la crisis demográfica]. http://ameblo.jp/miyazaki-kensuke/day-20160107.html (29 de enero de 2016).

Morley, Patricia. 1999. The Mountain is Moving: Japanese Women's Lives. Nueva York: New York University Press.

Nakane, Chie. 1973. Japanese Society. Middlesex: Penguin Books.

National Institute of Population and Social Security Research. 2000. Selected Demographic Indicators for Japan. http://www.ipss.go.jp/p-info/e/S_D_I/Indip.asp (20 de noviembre de 2015).

National Institute of Population and Social Security Research. 2008. Population Statistics of Japan 2008. http://www.ipss.go.jp/p-info/e/psj2008/PSJ2008.asp (16 de diciembre de 2015).

National Institute of Population and Social Security Research. 2011. The Fourteenth Japanese National fertility Survey in 2010. Attitudes toward Marriage and Family among Japanese Singles.

http://www.ipss.go.jp/site-ad/index_english/nfs14/Nfs14_Singles_Eng.pdf (28 de enero de 2016).

National Institute of Population and Social Security Research. 2012. Population Statistics of Japan 2012. http://www.ipss.go.jp/p-info/e/psj2012/PSJ2012.asp (12 de octubre de 2015).

NEWS Posto Seven. 2013. Ikumen Shain wo "wagamama" to hinansuru mono ha jidaisakugo to hihansareru [Criticados de anacrónicos aquellos que acusan de "egoistas" a los empleados ikumen ]. http://news.mynavi.jp/news/2013/11/17/037/ (21 de enero de 2016).

Nishi, F. y M Kan. 2006. Current Situation of Parasite-singles in Japan (Summary). http://www.stat.go.jp/training/english/reseach/parasite_eng.pdf (27 de noviembre de 2015).

Pulvers, Roger. 2012. New breed of single fathers should be a model for men across Japan. http://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2012/08/12/commentary/new-breed-of-single-fathers-should-be-a-model-for-men-across-japan (22 de enero de 2016).

Reischauer, Edwin. 1978. The Japanese. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

Rosenberger, Nancy. 2007. Rethinking Emerging Adulthood in Japan: Perspectives From Long-Term Single Women. Child Development Perspectives, 1(2): 92-95. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-8606.2007.00021.x

Sugihara, Yoko y Emiko Katsurada. 2000. Gender-role personality traits in Japanese culture. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 24: 309-318. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2000.tb00213.x

Takahara, Kanako. 2016. LDP lawmaker faces off against his party's old guard over child care leave plan. http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/01/07/national/ldp-lawmaker-faces-off-partys-old-guard-child-care-leave-plan. (29 de enero de 2016).

Takahashi, Shigesato, Ryuichi Kaneko, Ryuzaburo Sato, Masako Ikenoue, Fusami Mita, Tsukasa Sasai, Miho Iwasawa y Yuriko Shintani. 2003. Attitudes toward Marriage and the Family among unmarried Japanese Youth. Journal of Population and Social Security, 1(1): 1-29.

The Japan Institute for Labour Policy and Training. 2004. Japanese Working Life Profile 2004/2005 Labour Statistics. Tokio: The Japan Institute for Labour Policy and Training.

UCan. 2010. Shingo Ryūkōgo Taishō 2010 [Premio al neologismo de moda]. http://singo.jiyu.co.jp/ (29 de enero de 2016).

Upham, Frank K. 1993. Unplaced Persons and Movements for Place. En Postwar Japan as History, compilado por Andrew Gordon. Berkeley: University of California Press, 325-346.

Vogel, Ezra. 1971. Japan’s New Middle Class: The Salary Man and His Family in a Tokyo Suburb. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Vogel, Ezra. 1979. Japan as Number One: Lessons for America. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

Wakamatsu, Hiroki. 2011. Zenkai Girl. [Serie televisiva]. Tokio: Fuji Television.

World Economic Forum. 2015. The Global Gender Gap Report. http://www3.weforum.org/docs/GGGR2015/cover.pdf (27 de enero de 2016).

Yamada, Masahiro. 2000. Parasaito Shinguru no Jidai [La era de los solteros parásitos]. Tokio: Chikuma Shobo.