Gender inequality and sociodemographic changes in Mexico

Abstract

From different statistics, in this paper three process related to gender inequality are analyzed, namely demographic transition, human development and the involvement of women in the labor market. A demographic transition effect is that households have fewer members, and it has decreased maternal and household duties for women. But these have been counteracted by facts such as teenage pregnancy, the increase in single-parent households headed by women and lower male involvement in domestic activities. Mexico improved in the Gender Inequality Index by increasing the female presence in congress. Income represents the greatest inequality: in 2013 men have higher income than women by 119.0%; and if the comparison is limited to the population in labor market, in 2015 men have higher salaries than women by 22.8%. Regardless of an increase in number of women employers, this still represents one of the largest gender gaps.