Reticularity and innovation in actors and stakeholders of health tourism: competitiveness case in Los Algodones, Baja California

Main Article Content

Sonia Guadalupe Zermeño Flores
Tomás Cuevas- Contreras
Isabel Zizaldra- Hernández

Abstract

The manuscript explores reticularity and innovation in the field of tourism. Recent studies in competitiveness processes suggest that interested organizations become networks, which encourage cooperation with the purpose of becoming strong and reaching goals together. In this context, the objective of this research is to analyze the reticulation of actors and stakeholders, which through collaboration between them allows innovation in the creation of new products and services, more efficient processes and systems of work, improvement in methods of organization, as well as the introduction of novel forms of marketing; all of the above, aimed at health tourism in the region of influence of Los Algodones, B. C. (LAL). The research consisted of a quantum-qualitative study, using the methodology of Social Network Analysis (ARS), applying semi-structured interviews to leading actors in the tourism activity of health. The results obtained show that the networks between actors and stakeholders are established in relationships of trust, respect and commitment to the development of tourism activity; These allow collaborative processes that generate innovation and influence human resource training and joint promotion strategies.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

How to Cite
Zermeño Flores, S. G., Cuevas- Contreras, T., & Zizaldra- Hernández, I. (2022). Reticularity and innovation in actors and stakeholders of health tourism: competitiveness case in Los Algodones, Baja California. Noesis. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 27(53-2), 78–97. https://doi.org/10.20983/noesis.2018.4.5
Section
Social Sciences
Author Biographies

Sonia Guadalupe Zermeño Flores, Universidad Estatal de Sonora

.

Tomás Cuevas- Contreras, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez

.

Isabel Zizaldra- Hernández, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez

.

References

Adenekan, Nick. 2017. Creating sustainable tourism ventures in protected areas: An actor/network theory analysis. Tourism management, 61: 161-172. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.02.006

Antón, Salvador y Juan Duro. 2009. Competitividad y sistemas de innovación territorial en turismo. INNOVA, 1-37.

Baggio, Rodolfo. 2008. Network analysis of a tourism destination. Tesis de doctorado. Australia: University of Queensland.

Baggio, Rodolfo, Noel Scott y Chris Cooper. 2010. Network science. A review focused on tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 37(3), 802-827. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2010.02.008

Baro, Marcelo. 2011. Jerarquización de stakeholders para la construcción del capital social de las organizaciones. Mediaciones Sociales, 9: 135-162.

Burns, Peter. 2004. Tourism planning: a third way? Annals of Tourism Research, 31(1): 24-43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2003.08.001

Carlise, Sheena, Martin Kunc, Eleri Jones y Scott Tiffin. 2013. Supporting innovation for tourism development through multi-stakeholder approaches: Experiences from Africa. Tourism Management, 35: 59-69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.05.010

Cohen, Dikla, Meira Levy, Orit Cohen y Khaled Karkabi. 2013. The influence of a professional physician network on clinical decision making. Patient Educational Cons, 93, 496-503.

Decelle, Xavier. 2004. A conceptual and dynamic approach to innovation in tourism, OCDE, 1-16.

De Nooy, Wouter, Andrej Mrvar y Vladimir Batagelj. 2011. Exploratory social network analysis with Pajek. Nueva York, USA: Cambridge University Press.

Ferreira, Adel, Taryn Young, Catherine Mathews, Moleen Zunza y Nicola Low. 2013. Strategies for partner notification for sexually transmitted infections, including HIV. Cochrane Data-base System. Rev, 10. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002843.pub2

Freeman, Linton. 2012. El desarrollo del análisis de las redes sociales. Estados Unidos: Palibrio.

Freeman, Linton. 1979. Centrality in social networks conceptual clarification. Social Network, 1: 215-239. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8733(78)90021-7

Freeman, Edward, Andrew Wicks y Bidhan Parmar. 2004. Stakeholders theory and the corporate objective revisited. Organizational Science, 15(3): 364-369. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.1040.0066

González, Rodrigo y Martín Mendieta. 2009. Reflexiones sobre la conceptualización de la competitividad de destinos turísticos. Cuadernos de Turismo, 23: 111-128.

Granovetter, Mark. 1973. The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78(6): 1360-1380. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/225469

Gruning, James y Todd Hunt. 1984. Dirección de las relaciones públicas. Barcelona: Gestión 2000.

Hanefeld, Johanna, Niel Lunt, Richard Smith y Daniel Horsfall. 2015. Why do medical tourism travel to where they do? The role of networks in determining medical travel. Social Science & Medicine, 124: 356-363. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.05.016

Hjalager, Anne. 2010. A review of innovation research in tourism. Tourism Management, 31, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2009.08.012

Ivars, Josep, Fernando Vera y Alejandro Aceval. 2014. Políticas de innovación en turismo y desarrollo de clusters: la percepción gerencial en el programa Agrupaciones Empresariales Innovadoras (AEIs). Cuadernos de Turismo, 33: 97-120.

Luna, Matilde y José Velasco. 2005. Confianza y desempeño en las redes sociales. Revista Mexicana de Sociología, 67(1): 127-162.

Lynch, Paul y Alison Morrison. 2007. The role of networks. En Micro-Clusters and Networks. The growth of tourism. Micro- clusters and networks, editado por Ewen Michael. Oxford: Elsevier, 43-62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-045096-4.50009-3

Malaver, Florentino y Marisela Vargas. 2004. Los procesos de innovación en la industria colombiana: resultados de un estudio de casos. Cuadernos de Administración, 17(28): 9-51.

Merinero-Rodríguez, Rafael. 2010. Desarrollo local y análisis de redes sociales: el valor de las relaciones como factor del desarrollo socioeconómico. REDES-Revista Hispana para el Análisis de Redes Sociales, 18(11): 277-304.

Merinero-Rodríguez, Rafael y Juan Pulido-Fernández, J. 2016. Analysing relationships in tourism: A review. Tourism Management, 54: 122-135. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2015.10.010

Molina, José 2005. El estudio de las redes personales: contribuciones, métodos y perspectivas. Revista de Metodología de Ciencias Sociales, 10: 71-105.

Molina, Sergio, Tomás Cuevas-Contreras e Ismael Rodríguez-Herrera. 2014. Desarrollo socioeconómico entre turismo y redes. En Complejidad del turismo en la frontera, editado por Alejandro Palafox y Tomás Cuevas. México. Editorial Gasca, 3-18.

Nordin, Sara. 2003. Tourism clustering and innovation. Östersund: ETOUR.

Pavitt, Keith. 2003. The process of innovation. Bringhton: University of Sussex.

Robayo, Paula. 2016. Revisión de la innovación como proceso y su gestión en la organización: una aplicación para el sector gráfico Colombiano. Suma de Negocios, 7: 125-140. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sumneg.2016.02.007

Rodríguez, Josep. 2005. Análisis estructural y de redes. España: Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas.

Sautter, Elise y Birgit Leisen. 2009. Managing stakeholders: A tourism planning model. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(2): 312-328. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(98)00097-8

Saxena, Gunjan. 2005. Relationships, networks and the learning regions: case evidence from the Peak District National Park. Tourism Management, 26(2): 277-289. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2003.11.013

Scott, John. 2017. Social network analysis. Estados Unidos: SAGE.

Scott, Noel, Rodolfo Baggio y Chris Cooper. 2008. Network analysis and tourism: From theory to practice. Clevedon, UK: Channel View.

Szymanska, Elżbieta. 2015. Construction of the model of health tourism innovativeness. Procedia. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 213: 1008-1014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.518

Thomas, Rhodri y Emma Wood. 2014. Innovation in tourism: Re-conceptualising and measuring the absorptive capacity of the hotel sector. Tourism Management, 45; 39-48. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.03.012

Vargas-Hernández, José Guadalupe. 2011. Intercambio transfronterizo de servicios de salud y medicinas en la región de Tijuana y San Diego. Revista de Pueblos y Fronteras Digital, 6(10), pp. 202-337.

Velázquez, Alejandro y Norman Aguilar. 2005. Manual introductorio al análisis de redes sociales. México: Ucinet.

Verschoore, Jorge y Alsones Balestrin. 2008. Factores relevantes para el establecimiento de redes de cooperación entre empresas de Rio Grando do Sul. RAC-Revista de Administración Contemporánea, 12(4): 1043-1069. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1415-65552008000400008

Vilaseca, Jordi, Joan Torrent, Josep Lladós y Lluís Garay. 2007. Tecnologías de la información y comunicación, innovación y actividad turística: hacia la empresa en red. Cuadernos de Turismo, 19, 217-240.

Zermeño-Flores, Sonia. 2017. Gestión del capital intelectual e innovación en turismo de salud en la región de influencia de Vicente Guerrero (Los Algodones), Baja California. Tesis de doctorado. Ciudad Juárez: Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez.

Zizaldra, Isabel. 2009. Redes transfronterizas en turismo. Tesis doctoral. Universitat de Girona. Girona, España