Composición de la leche de cabras Alpino Francesa suplementadas con aceites vegetales durante la lactancia
Keywords:
dairy goats, vegetable oils, milk qualityAbstract
To evaluate the effect of supplemented diet with vegetable oils on dairy goats on milk quality during 70 days of lactation, 40 French Alpine adult goats were used (70 days in milk, BW 35 kg, and age of 36 months old). The goats distributed themselves at random in three groups, Control goats diet to which were offered sorghum silage and alfalfa hay-like basal diet, plus 400 gr of concentrate (16 % PC), and two separate groups with control diet supplemented with soybean oil, and canola oil, at a level of 2,5 % of the total diet. Analysis of the information was fitted to a model for a completely random design. The diets with oils (soy or canola) presented greater values of milk fat concerning the control diet (3.12, 2.86 vs 2.65 %), respectively. The mean protein concentration (3.42 %) and total solids (11.21 %) displayed higher contents in goat milk supplemented with soy oil. One concludes that the supplemented lactation diet with soy oil in dairy goats positively modifies the milk quality.
References
Albenzio, M., A. Santillo, M. Avondo, A. Nudda, S. Chessa, A. Pirisi y S. Banni (2016). “Nutritional properties of small ruminant food products and their role on human health”. Small Rumin. Res. 135: 3–12.
Almeida, O. C., M. V. C. Ferraz Junior, I. Susin, R. S. Gentil, D. M. Polizel, E. M. Ferreira, J. P. R. Barroso y A. V. Pires (2019). “Plasma and milk fatty acid profiles in goats fed diets supplemented with oils from soybean, linseed or fish”. Small Rumin. Res. 170: 125-130, 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.11.002.
Andrade-Montemayor, H. M. (2017). “Producción de Caprino en México”. VIII Foro Nacional Del Caprino. Tierras Caprino 18: 24-29.
Bidot-Fernández, A. (2017). “Composición, cualidades y beneficios de la leche de cabra: revisión bibliográfica”. Rev. Prod. Anim., 29: 32-41.
Bouattour, M., R. Casals, E. Albanell, X. Such y G. Caja (2008). “Feeding soybean oil to dairy goats increases conjugated linoleic acid in milk”. J. Dairy Sci. 91: 2399–2407.
Cabrera, F., A. Liscano y G. Vicente (2020). “Evaluación del efecto de la suplementación con aceite de girasol o soya en dietas de cabras en lactación sobre el perfil lipídico de la leche”. Tesis de Grado de Doctorado. Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República. Montevideo, Uruguay.
Chávari, A. C. T., R. O. Marques, G. I. L. Cañizares, E. P. Brito, H. F. B. Gomes, R. V. Lourençon, P. R. L. Meirelles y H. C Gonçalves (2020). “Yield, composition, and fatty acid profile of milk from Anglo Nubian goats fed a diet supplemented with vegetable oils”. Rev. Bras. Zootec. 49:, https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz4920200071.
Chilliard, Y., F. Glasser, A. Ferlay, L. Bernard, J. Rouel y M. Doreau (2007). “Diet, rumen biohydrogenation and nutritional quality of cow and goat milk fat”. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 109: 828-855.
Cieslak, A., J. Kowalczyk, M. Czauderna, A. Potkanski y M. Szumacher-Strabel (2010). “Enhancing unsaturated fatty acids in ewe’s milk by feeding rapeseed or linseed oil”. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 55: 496–504.
Engelke, S.W., G. Das, M. Derno, A. Tuchscherer, K. Wimmers, M. Rychlik, H. Kienberger, W. Berg, B. Kuhla, C. C. Metges (2019).
“Methane prediction based on individual or groups of milk fatty acids for dairy cows fed rations with or without linseed”. J. Dairy Sci. 102: 1788-1802, 10.3168/jds.2018-14911.
FAOSTAT. (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). “Statistics Database”. Disponible en: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data. Consultado el 1 de septiembre de 2020.
Ferlay, A., L. Bernard, A. Meynadier y C. Malpuech-Brugère (2017). “Production of trans and conjugated fatty acids in dairy ruminants and their putative effects on human health: A review”. Biochimie, 141: 107–120.
Ferro, M. M., L. O. Tedeschi y A. S. Atzori (2017). “The comparison of the lactation and milk yield and composition of selected breeds of sheep and goats”. Translational Anim. Sci. 1:498-506.
FOSS (2016). Manual MilkoScan Minor. Disponible en: http://www.haes.co.id/supports/download/msc_minor.pdf. Consultado: 10 de enero de 2016.
Gallier, S., L. Tolenaars y C. Prosser. (2020). “Whole Goat Milk as a Source of Fat and Milk Fat Globule Membrane in Infant Formula”. Nutrients, 12: 3486. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12113486.
Gómez-Cortés, P., A. Cívico, M. A. De la Fuente, Nuñez Sánchez, F. Peña Blanco y . Martínez Marín (2018). “Effects of dietary oncentrate composition and linseed oil supplementation on the milk fatty acid profile of goats”. Animal, 12: 2310-2317.
Gómez-Cortés, P., M. A. De la Fuente, P. G. Toral, P. Frutos, M. Juárez y G. Hervás. (2011). “Effects of different forage:concentrate ratios in dairy ewe diets supplemented with sunflower oil on animal performance and milk fatty acid profile”. J. Dairy Sci. 94: 4578–4588.
Idowu, S. y O. Adewumi (2017). “Genetic and Non-Genetic Factors Affecting Yield and Milk Composition in Goats”. Advances Dairy Res. 5:. doi:10.4172/2329-888X.1000175.
Luna, P., A. Bach, M. Juárez y M. A. De la Fuente (2008). “Influence of diets rich in flax seed and sunflower oil on the fatty acid composition of ewes’ milk fat especially on the level of conjugated linoleic acid, n-3 and n-6 fatty acids”. Int.Dairy J., 18: 99-107.
Martínez-Marín, A. L., N. Núñez, A. I. Garzón Peña, V. Domenech y F. Hernández (2015). “Metaanálisis del uso de semillas y aceites en la dieta de ovejas y cabras”. Pesq. Agropec. Bras. 50: 821-828.
Martínez-Marín, A. L., P. Gómez-Cortés, G. Gómez Castro, M. Juárez, L. Pérez Alba, M. Pérez Hernández y M. A. De la Fuente (2011). “Animal performance and milk fatty acid profile of dairy goats fed diets with different unsaturated plant oils”. J. Dairy Sci., 94: 5359-5368.
Montgomery, D. C. (1991). Diseño y Análisis de Experimentos. Grupo Editorial Iberoamericana. México, D. F.
Municipio de Juárez (2020). Mi ciudad-Características fisiográficas”. Disponible en: http://www.juarez.gob.mx. Consultado: 1 de octubre de 2020.
Muñoz, C., R. Sánchez, A. M. T. Peralta, S. Espíndola, T. Yan, R. Morales, E. y M. Ungerfeld (2019). “Effects of feeding unprocessed oilseeds on methane emission, nitrogen utilization efficiency and milk fatty acid profile of lactating dairy cows”. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 249: 18-30, 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.01.015.
Nahed Toral, J., Z. G. López Tecpoyotl, J. R. Aguilar Jiménez, D. Grande Cano y C. Delgadillo Puga (2021). “Compliance of Goat Farming under Extensive Grazing with the Organic Standards and Its Contribution to Sustainability in Puebla, Mexico”. Sustainability 13: 6293. https:// doi.org/10.3390/su13116293.
Nguyen, Q. V., B. S. Malau-Aduli, J. Cavalieri, A. E. Malau-Aduli y P. D. Nichols (2019). “Enhancing Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid content of dairy- derived foods for human consumption”. Nutrients 11: 743.
Nudda, A., A. Cannas, F. Correddu, A. S. Atzori, F. Mondina, F. Lunesu, G. Battacone y G. Pulina (2020). “Sheep and goats respond differently to feeding strategies directed to improve the fatty acid profile of milk fat”. Animals, 10: 1290. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10081290.
Nudda, A., G. Battacone, A. S. Atzori, C. Dimauro, S. P. G. Rassu, P. Nicolussi, P. Bonelli y G. Pulina (2013). “Effect of extruded linseed supplementation on blood metabolic profile and milk performance of Saanen goats”. Animal, 7: 1464–1471.
Nudda, A., G. Battacone, O. Boaventura Neto, A. Cannas, A. H. D. Francesconi, A. S. Atzori y G. Pulina (2014). “Feeding strategies to design the fatty acid profile of sheep milk and cheese”. Rev. Bras. Zootec. 43: 445–456.
Park, Y. (2010). “Goat Milk Products: Quality, Composition, Processing, Marketing”. Encyclopedia of Animal Science. W.G. Pond y N. Bell, (Eds.). CRC Press. Boca Raton, FL. 2010.
Prosser, C. (2021). “Compositional and functional characteristics of goat milk and relevance as a base for infant formula”.
J. Food Sci., doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.15574.
Pulina, G., M. J. Milán, M. P. Lavín, A. Theodoridis, E. Morin, J. Capote, D. L. Thomas, A. H. D. Francesconi y G. Caja (2018). “Invited review: Current production trends, farm structures, and economics of the dairy sheep and goat sectors”. J. Dairy Sci.: 6715–6729.
Santos e Silva, L., J. Fernandes, A. Rodrigues, K. Santoro, G. Dias, L. Vasconcelos, J. Barbosa y O. Cavalcanti (2020). “Soybean oil modulates the fatty acid synthesis in the mammary gland, improving nutritional quality of the goat milk”. Small Rumin. Res. 183: 1-8.
SAS Institute. “SAS®User’s Guide: Statistics (Version 9.1)”. SAS Inst.Inc., Cary, NC. 2003.
Schettino-Bermúdez, B. S., R. Gutiérrez-Tolentino, S. Vega y León, A. Escobar-Medina, J. J. Pérez-González y M. González-Ronquillo (2018). “Composición láctea y perfil de ácidos grasos en leche de cabra de Guanajuato, México”. Rev. Salud Animal, 40 (2):.
Sepe, L. y A. Argüello (2019). “Recent advances in dairy goat products”. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 32: 1306-1320.
SIAP. Sistema de Información Agroalimentaria y Pesquera. SAGARPA. Población Ganadera Caprina 2010–2019. Disponible en: https://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/564339/Inventario_2019_caprino.pdf. Consultado el 20 de junio de 2020.
Vargas-Bello P. E., C. A. García Montes de Oca, N. Pescador Salas, J. G. Estrada Flores, J. R. Bernal, L. E. Robles-Jiménez y M. González-Ronquillo (2020). “Productive Performance, Milk Composition and Milk Fatty Acids of Goats Supplemented with Sunflower and Linseed Whole Seeds in Grass Silage-Based Diets”. Animals, 10: 1143. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10071143.
