Funcionamiento de la personalidad e hipertensión arterial: fundamentos para una intervención integral
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20983/acs.2025.1.4Palabras clave:
Funcionamiento de la personalidad, Hipertensión arterial, Relaciones objetales, Psicoterapia focalizada en la transferencia, Salud psicosomáticaResumen
La hipertensión arterial constituye un fenómeno biopsicosocial cuya comprensión exige integrar factores fisiológicos, emocionales y relacionales. Este trabajo examina los vínculos entre el funcionamiento estructural de la personalidad y la autorregulación fisiológica, proponiendo un modelo de intervención psicológica fundamentado en la teoría de las relaciones objetales. Se contrastan los modelos categoriales y dimensionales de la personalidad, destacando el tránsito hacia enfoques que privilegian el funcionamiento sobre el diagnóstico. A partir del modelo de Kernberg y los instrumentos IPO y STIPO, se discuten indicadores funcionales relevantes para la salud cardiovascular. Finalmente, se analiza la Psicoterapia Focalizada en la Transferencia como alternativa clínica viable para mejorar la regulación afectiva y la adherencia terapéutica en pacientes con hipertensión. Se concluye que el abordaje integral de la enfermedad crónica requiere considerar la dinámica emocional y relacional del sujeto como parte activa del proceso de salud.
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